UK FLIGHT DELAY INDEX

derived from CAA punctuality statistics for UK reporting airports

How often are these flights late or cancelled?

Scandinavian Airlines Ireland Ltd

In the twelve months from July 2025 to June 2026, 18.2% of 1,062 movements arriving into the UK were disrupted — more than fifteen minutes late or cancelled at short notice.

Put the other way round, 81.8% of 1,062 movements met the fifteen-minute convention. These are historical observations, not a forecast.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Source: CAA punctuality statistics · snapshot 17/08/2026 10:24 · method route-record-v2.1 · Versioned claims, formulas and entity mapping.

0 operations (0.00%) excluded because their published percentages could not be reconciled to whole numbers. Excluded operations enter neither the numerator nor the denominator. Outcome figures and comparisons are unavailable when the excluded share exceeds fifteen percent.

The four numbers at a glance

18.2% of 1,062 movements were disrupted over July 2025 to June 2026.

Average delay covers delayed movements only. Its range reflects rounded source means and the unknown count of exactly punctual movements.

DisruptionShort-notice cancellationsDelay among delayed movementsOver three hours
18.2% of 1,062 movementsno events in 1,062 movements18.1–51.0 minutes; delayed denominator 193–4840.1% of 1,062 movements
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

When late, how late?

0.1% of 1,062 movements passed the three-hour mark.

The ladder shows how many movements crossed each threshold. Cancellations are separate: no events in 1,062 movements.

DelayShare and sampleOne event per movements
More than 15 minutes18.2% of 1,062 movements5.5
More than 30 minutes8.1% of 1,062 movements12.3
More than 60 minutes2.6% of 1,062 movements37.9
More than 120 minutes0.4% of 1,062 movements265.5
More than 180 minutes0.1% of 1,062 movements1,062.0
More than 360 minutesno events in 1,062 movementsNo observed events; this is not zero risk.
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Slightly late or occasionally a disaster?

0.4% of 1,062 movements passed two hours.

The histogram shows the published delay bands. Bucket shares use all reported operations, including unmatched records; cancellations are reported separately.

Nine delay buckets, minutes; share of all recorded operations>15 early12812.1%15–1 early45042.4%0–15 late29127.4%16–3010710.1%31–60585.5%61…120242.3%121…18030.3%181…36010.1%>36000.0%D=1,062
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Better or worse since the start of the archive?

Best month: Feb 2025, 6.9% of 72 movements. Worst month: Dec 2018, 52.5% of 120 movements.

The line traces every month. Lower disruption is better; gaps are never zeros. Pandemic readings describe a different operating regime.

Monthly disruption share; gaps mean no published dataJan 2018: 42.9%; sample: 1982018Feb 2018: 16.9%; sample: 213Mar 2018: 31.9%; sample: 191Apr 2018: 36.5%; sample: 197May 2018: 18.8%; sample: 207Jun 2018: 37.3%; sample: 150Jul 2018: 48.5%; sample: 66Aug 2018: 37.9%; sample: 116Sep 2018: 38.1%; sample: 97Oct 2018: 44.0%; sample: 159Nov 2018: 34.3%; sample: 175Dec 2018: 52.5%; sample: 120Jan 2019: 18.8%; sample: 1542019Feb 2019: 33.3%; sample: 135Mar 2019: 39.3%; sample: 135Apr 2019: 21.0%; sample: 143May 2019: 18.6%; sample: 113Jun 2019: 45.2%; sample: 135Jul 2019: 41.1%; sample: 90Aug 2019: 38.0%; sample: 129Sep 2019: 41.8%; sample: 153Oct 2019: 45.9%; sample: 172Nov 2019: 23.9%; sample: 142Dec 2019: 31.5%; sample: 127Jan 2020: 26.1%; sample: 1422020Feb 2020: 43.9%; sample: 139Mar 2020: 26.4%; sample: 87Apr 2020: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×May 2020: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Jun 2020: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Jul 2020: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Aug 2020: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Sep 2020: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Oct 2020: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Nov 2020: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Dec 2020: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Jan 2021: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×2021Feb 2021: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Mar 2021: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Apr 2021: no data×May 2021: no data×Jun 2021: no data×Jul 2021: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Aug 2021: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Sep 2021: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Oct 2021: 21.7%; sample: 46Nov 2021: 10.2%; sample: 98Dec 2021: 28.9%; sample: 83Jan 2022: 7.8%; sample: 772022Feb 2022: 18.1%; sample: 72Mar 2022: 10.5%; sample: 95Apr 2022: 21.6%; sample: 102May 2022: 30.0%; sample: 130Jun 2022: 51.4%; sample: 107Jul 2022: 25.8%; sample: 97Aug 2022: 12.3%; sample: 81Sep 2022: 16.4%; sample: 67Oct 2022: 20.0%; sample: 65Nov 2022: 16.9%; sample: 65Dec 2022: 29.1%; sample: 55Jan 2023: 14.5%; sample: 622023Feb 2023: 6.9%; sample: 29Mar 2023: 32.4%; sample: 37Apr 2023: 16.1%; sample: 56May 2023: 11.6%; sample: 43Jun 2023: 39.4%; sample: 33Jul 2023: 31.4%; sample: 51Aug 2023: 32.2%; sample: 59Sep 2023: 50.0%; sample: 36Oct 2023: 27.9%; sample: 43Nov 2023: 12.5%; sample: 40Dec 2023: 33.3%; sample: 42Jan 2024: 15.8%; sample: 382024Feb 2024: 21.3%; sample: 47Mar 2024: 28.2%; sample: 39Apr 2024: 10.5%; sample: 57May 2024: 18.9%; sample: 37Jun 2024: 24.4%; sample: 45Jul 2024: 27.0%; sample: 74Aug 2024: 29.2%; sample: 72Sep 2024: 29.4%; sample: 85Oct 2024: 27.3%; sample: 66Nov 2024: 10.3%; sample: 58Dec 2024: 27.5%; sample: 69Jan 2025: 25.0%; sample: 682025Feb 2025: 6.9%; sample: 72Mar 2025: 9.1%; sample: 66Apr 2025: 8.9%; sample: 90May 2025: 8.8%; sample: 114Jun 2025: 12.0%; sample: 50Jul 2025: 18.0%; sample: 100Aug 2025: 11.5%; sample: 78Sep 2025: 33.9%; sample: 112Oct 2025: 19.6%; sample: 92Nov 2025: 17.1%; sample: 76Dec 2025: 15.9%; sample: 69Jan 2026: 35.7%; sample: 562026Feb 2026: 25.8%; sample: 62Mar 2026: 9.3%; sample: 129Apr 2026: 10.4%; sample: 96May 2026: 9.7%; sample: 103Jun 2026: 20.2%; sample: 89Pandemic regime Jun 2020Summer 2022 breakdown Jul 2022NATS system failure Aug 2023Heathrow fire closure Mar 2025100%0%
Every monthly observation
MonthDisruption on arrivals
Jan 201842.9% of 198 movements
Feb 201816.9% of 213 movements
Mar 201831.9% of 191 movements
Apr 201836.5% of 197 movements
May 201818.8% of 207 movements
Jun 201837.3% of 150 movements
Jul 201848.5% of 66 movements
Aug 201837.9% of 116 movements
Sep 201838.1% of 97 movements
Oct 201844.0% of 159 movements
Nov 201834.3% of 175 movements
Dec 201852.5% of 120 movements
Jan 201918.8% of 154 movements
Feb 201933.3% of 135 movements
Mar 201939.3% of 135 movements
Apr 201921.0% of 143 movements
May 201918.6% of 113 movements
Jun 201945.2% of 135 movements
Jul 201941.1% of 90 movements
Aug 201938.0% of 129 movements
Sep 201941.8% of 153 movements
Oct 201945.9% of 172 movements
Nov 201923.9% of 142 movements
Dec 201931.5% of 127 movements
Jan 202026.1% of 142 movements
Feb 202043.9% of 139 movements
Mar 202026.4% of 87 movements
Apr 2020suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
May 2020suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Jun 2020suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Jul 2020suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Aug 2020suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Sep 2020suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Oct 2020suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Nov 2020suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Dec 2020suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Jan 2021suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Feb 2021suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Mar 2021suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Apr 2021no data
May 2021no data
Jun 2021no data
Jul 2021suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Aug 2021suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Sep 2021suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Oct 202121.7% of 46 movements — small sample, not ranked
Nov 202110.2% of 98 movements
Dec 202128.9% of 83 movements
Jan 20227.8% of 77 movements
Feb 202218.1% of 72 movements
Mar 202210.5% of 95 movements
Apr 202221.6% of 102 movements
May 202230.0% of 130 movements
Jun 202251.4% of 107 movements
Jul 202225.8% of 97 movements
Aug 202212.3% of 81 movements
Sep 202216.4% of 67 movements
Oct 202220.0% of 65 movements
Nov 202216.9% of 65 movements
Dec 202229.1% of 55 movements
Jan 202314.5% of 62 movements
Feb 20236.9% of 29 movements — small sample, not ranked
Mar 202332.4% of 37 movements — small sample, not ranked
Apr 202316.1% of 56 movements
May 202311.6% of 43 movements — small sample, not ranked
Jun 202339.4% of 33 movements — small sample, not ranked
Jul 202331.4% of 51 movements
Aug 202332.2% of 59 movements
Sep 202350.0% of 36 movements — small sample, not ranked
Oct 202327.9% of 43 movements — small sample, not ranked
Nov 202312.5% of 40 movements — small sample, not ranked
Dec 202333.3% of 42 movements — small sample, not ranked
Jan 202415.8% of 38 movements — small sample, not ranked
Feb 202421.3% of 47 movements — small sample, not ranked
Mar 202428.2% of 39 movements — small sample, not ranked
Apr 202410.5% of 57 movements
May 202418.9% of 37 movements — small sample, not ranked
Jun 202424.4% of 45 movements — small sample, not ranked
Jul 202427.0% of 74 movements
Aug 202429.2% of 72 movements
Sep 202429.4% of 85 movements
Oct 202427.3% of 66 movements
Nov 202410.3% of 58 movements
Dec 202427.5% of 69 movements
Jan 202525.0% of 68 movements
Feb 20256.9% of 72 movements
Mar 20259.1% of 66 movements
Apr 20258.9% of 90 movements
May 20258.8% of 114 movements
Jun 202512.0% of 50 movements
Jul 202518.0% of 100 movements
Aug 202511.5% of 78 movements
Sep 202533.9% of 112 movements
Oct 202519.6% of 92 movements
Nov 202517.1% of 76 movements
Dec 202515.9% of 69 movements
Jan 202635.7% of 56 movements
Feb 202625.8% of 62 movements
Mar 20269.3% of 129 movements
Apr 202610.4% of 96 movements
May 20269.7% of 103 movements
Jun 202620.2% of 89 movements
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

What did the big disruptions do here?

Each event is compared with the twelve preceding calendar months and the first later return to baseline.

A worse month is not proof the named event caused it. The open data carry no delay-cause field. Recovery is observed for at most eight subsequent months.

EventDirectionDisruption that monthBaseline beforeReturn to baseline
Pandemic regime · Jun 2020Arrivalssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementsno complete baselinenot enough data: needs a complete baseline and a publishable event month
Pandemic regime · Jun 2020Departuressuppressed: fewer than twenty movementsno complete baselinenot enough data: needs a complete baseline and a publishable event month
Summer 2022 breakdown · Jul 2022Arrivals25.8% of 97 movementsno complete baselinenot enough data: needs a complete baseline and a publishable event month
Summer 2022 breakdown · Jul 2022Departures43.2% of 95 movementsno complete baselinenot enough data: needs a complete baseline and a publishable event month
NATS system failure · Aug 2023Arrivals32.2% of 59 movements20.6% across 644 flightsreturned after 3 months
NATS system failure · Aug 2023Departures25.9% of 58 movements17.5% across 639 flightsreturned after 2 months
Heathrow fire closure · Mar 2025Arrivals9.1% of 66 movements22.1% across 742 flightsreturned the next month
Heathrow fire closure · Mar 2025Departures10.8% of 65 movements18.7% across 736 flightsreturned the next month
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Which time of year has been hardest?

Highest median: Jun, 37.3% across 7 months. Lowest median: Apr, 16.1% across 7 months.

Even the same calendar month differs across years. This is a record, not a forecast; pandemic years are excluded from the summaries.

Each cell is one calendar month of one year; the number is the share of that month’s arrivals that were disrupted. Darker means worse. A blank cell means no published data, not zero.

Seasonality: calendar month by year; share and nJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec201918.8% of 154 movements33.3% of 135 movements39.3% of 135 movements21.0% of 143 movements18.6% of 113 movements45.2% of 135 movements41.1% of 90 movements38.0% of 129 movements41.8% of 153 movements45.9% of 172 movements23.9% of 142 movements31.5% of 127 movements202026.1% of 142 movements43.9% of 139 movements26.4% of 87 movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movements2021suppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementsno datano datano datasuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movements21.7% of 46 movements †10.2% of 98 movements28.9% of 83 movements20227.8% of 77 movements18.1% of 72 movements10.5% of 95 movements21.6% of 102 movements30.0% of 130 movements51.4% of 107 movements25.8% of 97 movements12.3% of 81 movements16.4% of 67 movements20.0% of 65 movements16.9% of 65 movements29.1% of 55 movements202314.5% of 62 movements6.9% of 29 movements †32.4% of 37 movements †16.1% of 56 movements11.6% of 43 movements †39.4% of 33 movements †31.4% of 51 movements32.2% of 59 movements50.0% of 36 movements †27.9% of 43 movements †12.5% of 40 movements †33.3% of 42 movements †202415.8% of 38 movements †21.3% of 47 movements †28.2% of 39 movements †10.5% of 57 movements18.9% of 37 movements †24.4% of 45 movements †27.0% of 74 movements29.2% of 72 movements29.4% of 85 movements27.3% of 66 movements10.3% of 58 movements27.5% of 69 movements202525.0% of 68 movements6.9% of 72 movements9.1% of 66 movements8.9% of 90 movements8.8% of 114 movements12.0% of 50 movements18.0% of 100 movements11.5% of 78 movements33.9% of 112 movements19.6% of 92 movements17.1% of 76 movements15.9% of 69 movements202635.7% of 56 movements25.8% of 62 movements9.3% of 129 movements10.4% of 96 movements9.7% of 103 movements20.2% of 89 movementsno datano datano datano datano datano data
Month-by-month table: median, observed range and sample
MonthMedianObserved rangeSample
Jan18.8%7.8–42.9%7 months, 653 flights
Feb18.1%6.9–33.3%7 months, 630 flights
Mar28.2%9.1–39.3%7 months, 692 flights
Apr16.1%8.9–36.5%7 months, 741 flights
May18.6%8.8–30.0%7 months, 747 flights
Jun37.3%12.0–51.4%7 months, 609 flights
Jul29.2%18.0–48.5%6 months, 478 flights
Aug30.7%11.5–38.0%6 months, 535 flights
Sep36.0%16.4–50.0%6 months, 550 flights
Oct27.6%19.6–45.9%6 months, 597 flights
Nov17.0%10.3–34.3%6 months, 556 flights
Dec30.3%15.9–52.5%6 months, 482 flights
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Which routes have the best and worst record?

Lowest disruption: LHR ↔ STOCKHOLM-ARLANDA, 15.5% of 291 movements. Highest disruption: LHR ↔ COPENHAGEN, 19.9% of 477 movements.

The airline table uses this carrier on each route; airport and country tables combine carriers. Each figure is arrivals into its UK airport. Only sufficiently large exact samples enter the ordered comparison.

Observed disruption share by optionLhr ↔ Stockholm-Arlanda15.5% of 291 flightsLhr ↔ Oslo-Gardermoen18.2% of 292 flightsLhr ↔ Copenhagen19.9% of 477 flights
All route comparisons and sample flags
RouteDisruptionCancellationsSample flag
Heathrow ↔ Stockholm (Arlanda)15.5% of 291 movementsno events in 291 movementsdescriptive comparison
Heathrow ↔ Oslo (Gardermoen)18.2% of 292 movementsno events in 292 movementsdescriptive comparison
Heathrow ↔ Copenhagen19.9% of 477 movementsno events in 477 movementsdescriptive comparison
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Which UK airports appear in this record?

1 published groups have enough arrivals to describe.

These operations are not matched for season, aircraft or time of day. The table makes no causal comparison.

UK airportDisruptionSample flag
Heathrow18.2% of 1,062 movementsdescriptive comparison
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Arrivals vs departures

18.2% of 1,062 movements arrivals were disrupted, against 14.5% of 1,052 movements departures.

The directions have separate denominators. A departure delay does not establish late arrival at the final destination; legal conditions differ by direction and carrier.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Movements past the three-hour mark

0.1% of 1,062 movements were more than three hours late over July 2025 to June 2026.

Cancellation is counted separately and is not a three-hour delay. Monthly counts cannot establish a passenger claim.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Facts about this record

Scandinavian Airlines Ireland Ltd appears from Jan 2018 to Jun 2026 with 7,912 arrivals.

The bounds describe the published record, not every commercial service. Final point is not necessarily a nonstop destination.

Archive route pairs: 6.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

What this data cannot tell you

Delay cause, individual passenger experience, commercial decisions and future performance are not established here.

Also absent are aircraft type, within-month time-of-day splits and cancellations made ahead of the short-notice reporting window.

0 operations (0.00%) excluded because their published percentages could not be reconciled to whole numbers. Excluded operations enter neither the numerator nor the denominator. Outcome figures and comparisons are unavailable when the excluded share exceeds fifteen percent.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Quick answers

These answers use the same populations and window as the tables above.

Every percentage retains its denominator.

How disrupted are these arrivals?

18.2% of 1,062 movements over July 2025 to June 2026.

How often are they cancelled?

no events in 1,062 movements at short notice.

How late is late?

18.1–51.0 minutes; delayed denominator 193–484

Are services improving?

The monthly line records past changes; it is not a forecast or a causal comparison.

Which routes are compared?

The route table uses separately identified UK airport and final-point pairs, with small samples flagged.

Does this cover my flight?

Only published aggregate movements; the circumstances of any individual flight are unknown.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

How this was calculated

Source: CAA punctuality statistics · snapshot 17/08/2026 10:24 · method route-record-v2.1 · Versioned claims, formulas and entity mapping.

Integer bucket counts are recovered from rounding intervals over D=M+C+U with their sum constrained to M. Ambiguous counts remain ranges; failed reconciliation is quarantined.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Your trip has already gone wrong

The monthly line and events table show whether your month was typical or unusual in the published record.

Nothing here decides an individual case or what a passenger may be owed.

CAA: the official route to complain
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.