UK FLIGHT DELAY INDEX

derived from CAA punctuality statistics for UK reporting airports

How often are these flights late or cancelled?

LHR ↔ TORONTO

In the twelve months from July 2025 to June 2026, 29.1% of 2,242 movements arriving into LHR were disrupted — that is, they landed more than fifteen minutes late or were cancelled at short notice.

Put the other way round, 70.9% of 2,242 movements arrived on time by the industry's fifteen-minute standard. Severe delays were rarer: about one arrival in every 66 crossed the three-hour mark. Lower is better on every figure on this page. These numbers describe what happened on the route; they are not a prediction for any individual flight.

Definitions, denominators and limits
  • “Disrupted” means an arrival more than fifteen minutes late or a short-notice cancellation. The denominator is operated movements plus short-notice cancellations.
  • Arrivals into the UK airport only; all published carriers.
  • Crossing three hours is one condition for compensation, but monthly data cannot establish any individual passenger’s rights.
  • Delay cause is not published in the open data.
  • Source: CAA punctuality statistics · snapshot 17/08/2026 10:24 · method route-record-v2.1.

0 operations (0.00%) excluded because their published percentages could not be reconciled to whole numbers. Excluded operations enter neither the numerator nor the denominator. Outcome figures and comparisons are unavailable when the excluded share exceeds fifteen percent.

The four numbers at a glance

In the twelve months from July 2025 to June 2026, 29.1% of 2,242 movements were disrupted and 2.1% of 2,242 movements were cancelled at short notice.

When a flight was late, it was typically late by the range shown below. The delay is given as a range, not a single number, because the regulator rounds its published percentages and never says how many flights landed exactly on time.

Disruption shareShort-notice cancellationsAverage delay among delayed flights only — boundsOperations
29.1% of 2,242 movements2.1% of 2,242 movements36.3–70.7 min; N of delayed flights=604–1,1162,242
Definitions, denominators and limits

The bounds account for CAA rounding and the unknown number of zero delays. A point average across all operated movements, including punctual ones, would answer a different question and is not used here.

When it is late, how late is it?

Most delays here are short. The ladder below shows how many arrivals crossed each threshold, from a quarter of an hour up to six hours; each rung can only be smaller than the one above it.

Cancellations are counted separately: 2.1% of 2,242 movements. “One in N” means how many arrivals you would typically see between events at that level.

Delay threshold ladder; count and share of known operations15 min26.9%30 min17.5%60 min8.2%120 min2.9%180 min1.5%360 min0.3%
Delay ladder table: share, movements and one-in-N
DelayShare and nMovementsOne delay in every N operations
>15 min26.9% of 2,242 movements6043.7
>30 min17.5% of 2,242 movements3925.7
>60 min8.2% of 2,242 movements18412.2
>120 min2.9% of 2,242 movements6634.0
>180 min1.5% of 2,242 movements3465.9
>360 min0.3% of 2,242 movements6373.7
Definitions, denominators and limits

CAA counts delays strictly greater than each threshold, so exactly three hours is inseparable from the previous bucket. The ladder describes the archive, not a forecast.

Slightly late, or occasionally a disaster?

This route runs late less often than most, but when it does go wrong it tends to go badly wrong: its long delays are heavier than on the typical UK route.

The histogram below counts every recorded arrival, from more than fifteen minutes early through to more than six hours late. A tall bar near the middle and a thin right-hand tail is the healthy shape.

Nine delay buckets, minutes; share of all recorded operations>15 early43919.6%15–1 early63928.5%0–15 late51222.8%16–302129.5%31–602089.3%61…1201185.3%121…180321.4%181…360281.2%>36060.3%D=2,242
Definitions, denominators and limits

Ratio of the long tail to sixteen-to-sixty-minute delays: 0.0810; corpus median 0.0217; 2056 routes in the corpus. The shape is compared conditionally among delays; the class name does not measure absolute frequency. Histogram counts and shares cover all recorded operations including unmatched records; reconstructed uniquely.

Has this route got better or worse since 2018?

Best month: Sep 2020, 3.3% of 60 movements. Worst month: Dec 2022, 84.0% of 156 movements.

The line traces every month in the archive; lower is better. Gaps are months with no published data, never zeros. The 2020 and 2021 readings reflect the pandemic, not normal service.

Monthly disruption share; gaps mean no published dataJan 2018: 43.4%; sample: 1822018Feb 2018: 31.0%; sample: 155Mar 2018: 43.9%; sample: 187Apr 2018: 24.7%; sample: 178May 2018: 26.2%; sample: 187Jun 2018: 37.2%; sample: 180Jul 2018: 39.2%; sample: 186Aug 2018: 32.3%; sample: 186Sep 2018: 21.7%; sample: 180Oct 2018: 17.6%; sample: 182Nov 2018: 38.0%; sample: 166Dec 2018: 31.8%; sample: 179Jan 2019: 42.0%; sample: 1812019Feb 2019: 53.5%; sample: 159Mar 2019: 30.9%; sample: 175Apr 2019: 26.4%; sample: 174May 2019: 28.9%; sample: 187Jun 2019: 41.1%; sample: 180Jul 2019: 38.7%; sample: 186Aug 2019: 29.6%; sample: 186Sep 2019: 22.3%; sample: 175Oct 2019: 23.5%; sample: 183Nov 2019: 28.4%; sample: 176Dec 2019: 38.6%; sample: 184Jan 2020: 36.3%; sample: 1682020Feb 2020: 22.5%; sample: 151Mar 2020: 17.3%; sample: 156Apr 2020: 0.0%; sample: 30May 2020: 3.2%; sample: 31Jun 2020: 0.0%; sample: 30Jul 2020: 6.5%; sample: 46Aug 2020: 12.9%; sample: 62Sep 2020: 3.3%; sample: 60Oct 2020: 4.8%; sample: 62Nov 2020: 13.3%; sample: 60Dec 2020: 16.1%; sample: 62Jan 2021: 18.3%; sample: 602021Feb 2021: 10.9%; sample: 55Mar 2021: 5.2%; sample: 58Apr 2021: 3.3%; sample: 60May 2021: 6.5%; sample: 62Jun 2021: 5.0%; sample: 60Jul 2021: 12.9%; sample: 62Aug 2021: 54.5%; sample: 66Sep 2021: 46.9%; sample: 98Oct 2021: 33.3%; sample: 111Nov 2021: 18.3%; sample: 120Dec 2021: 29.8%; sample: 124Jan 2022: 25.5%; sample: 1062022Feb 2022: 10.0%; sample: 60Mar 2022: 26.2%; sample: 107Apr 2022: 55.0%; sample: 120May 2022: 48.7%; sample: 154Jun 2022: 78.2%; sample: 133Jul 2022: 61.9%; sample: 139Aug 2022: 59.0%; sample: 139Sep 2022: 63.0%; sample: 135Oct 2022: 32.1%; sample: 140Nov 2022: 51.4%; sample: 146Dec 2022: 84.0%; sample: 156Jan 2023: 56.1%; sample: 1552023Feb 2023: 48.6%; sample: 140Mar 2023: 63.6%; sample: 154Apr 2023: 56.7%; sample: 150May 2023: 62.8%; sample: 191Jun 2023: 75.7%; sample: 181Jul 2023: 55.2%; sample: 192Aug 2023: 51.1%; sample: 186Sep 2023: 52.5%; sample: 181Oct 2023: 53.5%; sample: 185Nov 2023: 41.1%; sample: 151Dec 2023: 51.6%; sample: 155Jan 2024: 57.8%; sample: 1472024Feb 2024: 40.3%; sample: 139Mar 2024: 45.7%; sample: 175Apr 2024: 34.5%; sample: 174May 2024: 43.3%; sample: 187Jun 2024: 42.3%; sample: 182Jul 2024: 30.8%; sample: 185Aug 2024: 36.8%; sample: 185Sep 2024: 32.4%; sample: 179Oct 2024: 26.2%; sample: 183Nov 2024: 24.2%; sample: 149Dec 2024: 45.7%; sample: 151Jan 2025: 44.1%; sample: 1432025Feb 2025: 47.0%; sample: 132Mar 2025: 21.3%; sample: 155Apr 2025: 19.1%; sample: 199May 2025: 28.2%; sample: 206Jun 2025: 26.0%; sample: 200Jul 2025: 26.1%; sample: 207Aug 2025: 32.7%; sample: 208Sep 2025: 25.7%; sample: 202Oct 2025: 21.8%; sample: 202Nov 2025: 27.4%; sample: 164Dec 2025: 49.1%; sample: 169Jan 2026: 49.4%; sample: 1642026Feb 2026: 32.0%; sample: 150Mar 2026: 12.4%; sample: 170Apr 2026: 22.1%; sample: 199May 2026: 25.2%; sample: 206Jun 2026: 29.9%; sample: 201Pandemic regime Jun 2020Summer 2022 breakdown Jul 2022NATS system failure Aug 2023Heathrow fire closure Mar 2025100%0%
Every month since 2018, including gaps and suppressed cells
MonthDisruption on arrivals
Jan 201843.4% of 182 movements
Feb 201831.0% of 155 movements
Mar 201843.9% of 187 movements
Apr 201824.7% of 178 movements
May 201826.2% of 187 movements
Jun 201837.2% of 180 movements
Jul 201839.2% of 186 movements
Aug 201832.3% of 186 movements
Sep 201821.7% of 180 movements
Oct 201817.6% of 182 movements
Nov 201838.0% of 166 movements
Dec 201831.8% of 179 movements
Jan 201942.0% of 181 movements
Feb 201953.5% of 159 movements
Mar 201930.9% of 175 movements
Apr 201926.4% of 174 movements
May 201928.9% of 187 movements
Jun 201941.1% of 180 movements
Jul 201938.7% of 186 movements
Aug 201929.6% of 186 movements
Sep 201922.3% of 175 movements
Oct 201923.5% of 183 movements
Nov 201928.4% of 176 movements
Dec 201938.6% of 184 movements
Jan 202036.3% of 168 movements
Feb 202022.5% of 151 movements
Mar 202017.3% of 156 movements
Apr 2020no events in 30 movements — small sample, not ranked
May 20203.2% of 31 movements — small sample, not ranked
Jun 2020no events in 30 movements — small sample, not ranked
Jul 20206.5% of 46 movements — small sample, not ranked
Aug 202012.9% of 62 movements
Sep 20203.3% of 60 movements
Oct 20204.8% of 62 movements
Nov 202013.3% of 60 movements
Dec 202016.1% of 62 movements
Jan 202118.3% of 60 movements
Feb 202110.9% of 55 movements
Mar 20215.2% of 58 movements
Apr 20213.3% of 60 movements
May 20216.5% of 62 movements
Jun 20215.0% of 60 movements
Jul 202112.9% of 62 movements
Aug 202154.5% of 66 movements
Sep 202146.9% of 98 movements
Oct 202133.3% of 111 movements
Nov 202118.3% of 120 movements
Dec 202129.8% of 124 movements
Jan 202225.5% of 106 movements
Feb 202210.0% of 60 movements
Mar 202226.2% of 107 movements
Apr 202255.0% of 120 movements
May 202248.7% of 154 movements
Jun 202278.2% of 133 movements
Jul 202261.9% of 139 movements
Aug 202259.0% of 139 movements
Sep 202263.0% of 135 movements
Oct 202232.1% of 140 movements
Nov 202251.4% of 146 movements
Dec 202284.0% of 156 movements
Jan 202356.1% of 155 movements
Feb 202348.6% of 140 movements
Mar 202363.6% of 154 movements
Apr 202356.7% of 150 movements
May 202362.8% of 191 movements
Jun 202375.7% of 181 movements
Jul 202355.2% of 192 movements
Aug 202351.1% of 186 movements
Sep 202352.5% of 181 movements
Oct 202353.5% of 185 movements
Nov 202341.1% of 151 movements
Dec 202351.6% of 155 movements
Jan 202457.8% of 147 movements
Feb 202440.3% of 139 movements
Mar 202445.7% of 175 movements
Apr 202434.5% of 174 movements
May 202443.3% of 187 movements
Jun 202442.3% of 182 movements
Jul 202430.8% of 185 movements
Aug 202436.8% of 185 movements
Sep 202432.4% of 179 movements
Oct 202426.2% of 183 movements
Nov 202424.2% of 149 movements
Dec 202445.7% of 151 movements
Jan 202544.1% of 143 movements
Feb 202547.0% of 132 movements
Mar 202521.3% of 155 movements
Apr 202519.1% of 199 movements
May 202528.2% of 206 movements
Jun 202526.0% of 200 movements
Jul 202526.1% of 207 movements
Aug 202532.7% of 208 movements
Sep 202525.7% of 202 movements
Oct 202521.8% of 202 movements
Nov 202527.4% of 164 movements
Dec 202549.1% of 169 movements
Jan 202649.4% of 164 movements
Feb 202632.0% of 150 movements
Mar 202612.4% of 170 movements
Apr 202622.1% of 199 movements
May 202625.2% of 206 movements
Jun 202629.9% of 201 movements

What did the big disruptions actually do here?

Each named event below is shown against this route’s own baseline for the twelve months before it, and against how long the route took to get back to that baseline.

A month worse than baseline is not proof the named event caused it: the open data carry no delay-cause field at all. Some events sit near the edge of the archive, which limits how long a recovery can be traced.

EventDirectionDisruption that monthBaseline beforeReturn to baseline
Pandemic regime · Jun 2020Arrivalsno events in 30 movements — small sample, not ranked25.1% across 1,806 flightsreturned the next month
Pandemic regime · Jun 2020Departures6.7% of 30 movements — small sample, not ranked25.7% across 1,806 flightsreturned the next month
Summer 2022 breakdown · Jul 2022Arrivals61.9% of 139 movements36.6% across 1,261 flightsreturned after 3 months
Summer 2022 breakdown · Jul 2022Departures63.3% of 139 movements41.9% across 1,260 flightsreturned after 3 months
NATS system failure · Aug 2023Arrivals51.1% of 186 movements59.0% across 1,879 flightsreturned the next month
NATS system failure · Aug 2023Departures53.5% of 185 movements50.9% across 1,885 flightsreturned the next month
Heathrow fire closure · Mar 2025Arrivals21.3% of 155 movements37.7% across 2,025 flightsreturned the next month
Heathrow fire closure · Mar 2025Departures23.9% of 159 movements29.0% across 2,032 flightsreturned the next month
Definitions, denominators and limits

The baseline is the unweighted mean share over the twelve preceding calendar months. The return window is the following eight months, up to the end of the archive. Return means the first observed value at or below the baseline; it is not the duration of the disruption itself. If the event month is already below the baseline, counting still starts the month after. Gaps and suppressed cells are not treated as zeros or as recovery.

Which time of year has historically been hardest?

December has historically been the hardest month on this route: in a typical December, 47.4% of arrivals were disrupted, measured across 6 Decembers in the archive. October has been the calmest, at 24.9% across 6 Octobers.

Even December has ranged from 31.8% to 84.0% in different years, so this is a record of what happened, not a forecast of what will. Lower is better throughout.

Each cell is one calendar month of one year; the number is the share of that month’s arrivals that were disrupted. Darker means worse. A blank cell means no published data, not zero.

Seasonality: calendar month by year; share and nJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec201942.0% of 181 movements53.5% of 159 movements30.9% of 175 movements26.4% of 174 movements28.9% of 187 movements41.1% of 180 movements38.7% of 186 movements29.6% of 186 movements22.3% of 175 movements23.5% of 183 movements28.4% of 176 movements38.6% of 184 movements202036.3% of 168 movements22.5% of 151 movements17.3% of 156 movementsno events in 30 movements †3.2% of 31 movements †no events in 30 movements †6.5% of 46 movements †12.9% of 62 movements3.3% of 60 movements4.8% of 62 movements13.3% of 60 movements16.1% of 62 movements202118.3% of 60 movements10.9% of 55 movements5.2% of 58 movements3.3% of 60 movements6.5% of 62 movements5.0% of 60 movements12.9% of 62 movements54.5% of 66 movements46.9% of 98 movements33.3% of 111 movements18.3% of 120 movements29.8% of 124 movements202225.5% of 106 movements10.0% of 60 movements26.2% of 107 movements55.0% of 120 movements48.7% of 154 movements78.2% of 133 movements61.9% of 139 movements59.0% of 139 movements63.0% of 135 movements32.1% of 140 movements51.4% of 146 movements84.0% of 156 movements202356.1% of 155 movements48.6% of 140 movements63.6% of 154 movements56.7% of 150 movements62.8% of 191 movements75.7% of 181 movements55.2% of 192 movements51.1% of 186 movements52.5% of 181 movements53.5% of 185 movements41.1% of 151 movements51.6% of 155 movements202457.8% of 147 movements40.3% of 139 movements45.7% of 175 movements34.5% of 174 movements43.3% of 187 movements42.3% of 182 movements30.8% of 185 movements36.8% of 185 movements32.4% of 179 movements26.2% of 183 movements24.2% of 149 movements45.7% of 151 movements202544.1% of 143 movements47.0% of 132 movements21.3% of 155 movements19.1% of 199 movements28.2% of 206 movements26.0% of 200 movements26.1% of 207 movements32.7% of 208 movements25.7% of 202 movements21.8% of 202 movements27.4% of 164 movements49.1% of 169 movements202649.4% of 164 movements32.0% of 150 movements12.4% of 170 movements22.1% of 199 movements25.2% of 206 movements29.9% of 201 movementsno datano datano datano datano datano data
Month-by-month table: median, observed range and sample
MonthMedianObserved rangeSample
Jan44.1%25.5–57.8%7 months, 1,078 flights
Feb40.3%10.0–53.5%7 months, 935 flights
Mar30.9%12.4–63.6%7 months, 1,123 flights
Apr26.4%19.1–56.7%7 months, 1,194 flights
May28.9%25.2–62.8%7 months, 1,318 flights
Jun41.1%26.0–78.2%7 months, 1,257 flights
Jul39.0%26.1–61.9%6 months, 1,095 flights
Aug34.7%29.6–59.0%6 months, 1,090 flights
Sep29.1%21.7–63.0%6 months, 1,052 flights
Oct24.9%17.6–53.5%6 months, 1,075 flights
Nov33.2%24.2–51.4%6 months, 952 flights
Dec47.4%31.8–84.0%6 months, 994 flights
Definitions, denominators and limits

The matrix shows the last eight calendar years, including an incomplete final year; the start of the archive is kept in the history above. Seasonal summaries use the whole available archive, excluding the pandemic regime 2020–2021; this is an observed range, not a forecast. Zero events, missing data and suppressed cells are marked separately. † marks a small sample, described but not ranked. For ranges the colour follows the upper bound.

Which airline has the better record here?

On the published record there is no clear winner: Virgin Atlantic Airways 16.0% of 288 movements, British Airways 26.1% of 710 movements, Air Canada 33.7% of 1,233 movements. Observed shares differ; the mix of operations is not matched, so no causal conclusion follows.

Figures cover arrivals, July 2025 to June 2026; lower is better in every column. Carriers with fewer than twenty published flights are suppressed rather than shown as zero. The page makes no ranking: the operations behind these shares are not matched for aircraft, time of day or season.

Observed disruption share by optionAir Canada33.7% of 1,233 flightsBritish Airways26.1% of 710 flightsVirgin Atlantic Airways16.0% of 288 flights
Airline comparison table: operations, cancellations, three-hour delays and data quality
AirlineOperationsDisruptionCancellations>180 minData quality
Air Canada1,23333.7% of 1,233 movements2.8% of 1,233 movements2.4% of 1,233 movementsdescriptive comparison
British Airways71026.1% of 710 movements1.1% of 710 movements0.4% of 710 movementsdescriptive comparison
Emiratessuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed
Lufthansasuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed
Virgin Atlantic Airways28816.0% of 288 movements1.7% of 288 movements0.7% of 288 movementsdescriptive comparison
Virgin Atlantic Internationalsuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed

The noise check is a descriptive approximation assuming independent operations. Delay correlation and mix differences are not estimated; no ranking is derived.

Would another UK airport have been better?

Among UK airports flying to this city with enough flights to publish, CWL had the lowest disruption share at 8.7% of 23 movements — small sample, not ranked and LGW the highest at 45.2% of 447 movements. This route sits at 29.1% of 2,242 movements.

Each figure is arrivals into that UK airport, all carriers combined, over the same twelve months. It is a historical record, not a recommendation about where to fly from, and it says nothing about getting to or from each airport on the ground.

Observed disruption share by optionCwl ↔ Toronto †8.7% of 23 flightsEdi ↔ Toronto25.1% of 358 flightsGla ↔ Toronto24.2% of 215 flightsLgw ↔ Toronto45.2% of 447 flightsMan ↔ Toronto36.1% of 249 flights
Airport comparison table: operations, cancellations, three-hour delays and data quality
Other UK airport to the same cityOperationsDisruptionCancellations>180 minData quality
Abz ↔ Torontosuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed
Bfs ↔ Torontosuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed
Bhd ↔ Torontosuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed
Bhx ↔ Torontosuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed
Cwl ↔ Toronto238.7% of 23 movements — small sample, not rankedno events in 23 movements — small sample, not rankedno events in 23 movements — small sample, not rankedsmall sample; not ranked
Edi ↔ Toronto35825.1% of 358 movements2.0% of 358 movements1.1% of 358 movementsdescriptive comparison
Ema ↔ Torontosuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed
Gla ↔ Toronto21524.2% of 215 movementsno events in 215 movements0.9% of 215 movementsdescriptive comparison
Lba ↔ Torontosuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed
Lgw ↔ Toronto44745.2% of 447 movements0.7% of 447 movements0.4% of 447 movementsdescriptive comparison
Ltn ↔ Torontosuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed
Man ↔ Toronto24936.1% of 249 movements2.0% of 249 movements0.4% of 249 movementsdescriptive comparison
Stn ↔ Torontosuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed

Does the direction you are flying change anything?

Barely: arrivals into LHR ran 29.1% of 2,242 movements disrupted, departures 26.7% of 2,240 movements.

It matters legally as well as practically: a departure from the UK and an arrival into the UK on a UK or EU carrier fall under different conditions, and a departure delay does not establish a late arrival at your final destination.

Arrivals and departures side by side
DirectionDisruptionCancellationsOver three hours
Arrivals into LHR29.1% of 2,242 movements2.1% of 2,242 movements1.5% of 2,242 movements
Departures from LHR26.7% of 2,240 movements2.3% of 2,240 movements0.7% of 2,240 movements
Definitions, denominators and limits

CAA conditions on delays and cancellations.

How many flights here crossed the three-hour mark?

The table below counts arrivals and departures that ran more than three hours late — the threshold that is one of the conditions for compensation — across the whole archive and within the last six years.

The pound figure beside each count is arithmetic, not money anyone received: it is the count multiplied by the maximum statutory amount for this distance band. Whether any of those flights actually qualified is not knowable from this data.

DirectionWindowFlights over three hoursArithmetic statutory ceiling
ArrivalsWhole archive · Jan 2018–Jun 2026283 flights out of 15,017283 × £520 = £147,160
ArrivalsLast 72 months · Jul 2020–Jun 2026232 flights out of 10,157232 × £520 = £120,640
DeparturesWhole archive · Jan 2018–Jun 2026159 flights out of 15,008159 × £520 = £82,680
DeparturesLast 72 months · Jul 2020–Jun 2026108 flights out of 10,149108 × £520 = £56,160
Definitions, denominators and limits

Full formula: the count is the sum of the two tail buckets across months, carriers and service types in one direction; the ceiling is that count multiplied by the maximum statutory amount for the distance band. The condition is: if every such delay had been the carrier's fault and a claim had been filed on every one of them.

This is conditional arithmetic over operations: passenger numbers, legal applicability and the number of claims are all unknown. For departures it is an arithmetic scenario only, because arrival at the final point is not observed. For long routes the maximum ceiling is used; any reduction in the payable amount is not calculated.

The archive window is counted from the last month of data, not from today: this is not a limitation check for an individual case. The CAA states six years for England and Wales and five for Scotland. CAA: time limits and how to complain. Information, not a legal service.

The facts about this route

Route reference table: codes, distance, frequency, archive span
FieldValue
UK airportHEATHROW · LHR
Final point / countryTORONTO / CANADA
Final point codesYYZ / CYYZ
Great-circle distance5,707 km
Maximum statutory amount for the band£520
Average operated arrivals per day6.01
Presence in the latest twelve-month windowoperations present in every month of the latest twelve-month window
First and last active monthJan 2018–Jun 2026
Months with operations in the archive102

origin_destination is the final point of the CAA service, not evidence of a nonstop connection. The distance joins the coordinates of the named airports; the actual track is unknown. Frequency describes published operations.

What this data cannot tell you

Delay cause is not published in the regulator's open data. Monthly aggregates describe a population, not a specific flight. Cells below twenty operations are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive only and not ranked. Arrivals and departures do not add up. Cancellations are short-notice only, by the CAA definition. A movement is not the same as a scheduled flight.

0 operations (0.00%) excluded because their published percentages could not be reconciled to whole numbers. Excluded operations enter neither the numerator nor the denominator. Outcome figures and comparisons are unavailable when the excluded share exceeds fifteen percent.

Data-quality counters for this route

Zero observed events does not mean zero risk. Operator coverage against the Summary file is not established in this record; comparisons are limited to the published population.

Unmatched records: 0; all recorded operations: 2,242; excluded by quarantine: 0.

Quick answers

How often is this route disrupted?

29.1% of 2,242 movements over July 2025 to June 2026. Arrivals into the UK airport; all published carriers.

How many flights are cancelled at short notice?

2.1% of 2,242 movements in the same window.

How many delays crossed three hours?

1.5% of 2,242 movements in the same window; these are observed movements, not a count of claims.

What does the delay distribution look like?

rare but severe. The class compares the tail with short delays across routes in the corpus.

What distance is used?

5,707 km, great-circle.

Can compensation entitlement be established here?

No. The cause and the circumstances of an individual flight are unknown. Official CAA conditions.

Why do some cells say "no data"?

That month is absent from the published series. Small cells carry a separate "suppressed" marker; a gap is never replaced by a zero.

How this was calculated

Dataset version, input hashes and reconstruction rules

Dataset version: 396da8dde2874f14; method route-record-v2.1.

Versioned register of every number and the entity map · Input hashes · Correction log · Reconstruction and formulas.

Reconstruction: integer counts inside the rounding bounds of shares of D, summing to M. Ambiguity is preserved as a range of feasible counts; non-convergence stays in quarantine. The map of codes and coordinates is pinned by hash alongside the data. Raw CSV files are not included in the published output.

Your trip has already gone wrong — what now?

The official route to complain

Contact the airline first, then the relevant ADR body or the CAA. The right to care is assessed separately from compensation; time limits and circumstances are checked case by case. CAA: how to complain.

Reconstruction and formulas

Open the versioned claim register

Was your flight delayed 3h+? Check what you may be owed

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