UK FLIGHT DELAY INDEX

derived from CAA punctuality statistics for UK reporting airports

How often are these flights late or cancelled?

Luxembourg

In the twelve months from July 2025 to June 2026, 23.3% of 2,876 movements arriving into the UK were disrupted — more than fifteen minutes late or cancelled at short notice.

Put the other way round, 76.7% of 2,876 movements met the fifteen-minute convention. These are historical observations, not a forecast.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Source: CAA punctuality statistics · snapshot 17/08/2026 10:24 · method route-record-v2.1 · Versioned claims, formulas and entity mapping.

0 operations (0.00%) excluded because their published percentages could not be reconciled to whole numbers. Excluded operations enter neither the numerator nor the denominator. Outcome figures and comparisons are unavailable when the excluded share exceeds fifteen percent.

The four numbers at a glance

23.3% of 2,876 movements were disrupted over July 2025 to June 2026.

Average delay covers delayed movements only. Its range reflects rounded source means and the unknown count of exactly punctual movements.

DisruptionShort-notice cancellationsDelay among delayed movementsOver three hours
23.3% of 2,876 movements1.6% of 2,876 movements24.4–60.7 minutes; delayed denominator 625–1,4370.3% of 2,876 movements
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

When late, how late?

0.3% of 2,876 movements passed the three-hour mark.

The ladder shows how many movements crossed each threshold. Cancellations are separate: 1.6% of 2,876 movements.

DelayShare and sampleOne event per movements
More than 15 minutes21.7% of 2,876 movements4.6
More than 30 minutes12.8% of 2,876 movements7.8
More than 60 minutes5.0% of 2,876 movements19.8
More than 120 minutes0.9% of 2,876 movements115.0
More than 180 minutes0.3% of 2,876 movements287.6
More than 360 minutes0.1% of 2,876 movements958.7
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Slightly late or occasionally a disaster?

0.9% of 2,876 movements passed two hours.

The histogram shows the published delay bands. Bucket shares use all reported operations, including unmatched records; cancellations are reported separately.

Nine delay buckets, minutes; share of all recorded operations>15 early28910.0%15–1 early1,10438.4%0–15 late81228.2%16–302578.9%31–602237.8%61…1201204.2%121…180150.5%181…36070.2%>36030.1%D=2,876
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Better or worse since the start of the archive?

Best month: Oct 2021, 3.5% of 86 movements. Worst month: Dec 2018, 42.7% of 131 movements.

The line traces every month. Lower disruption is better; gaps are never zeros. Pandemic readings describe a different operating regime.

Monthly disruption share; gaps mean no published dataJan 2018: 15.0%; sample: 2872018Feb 2018: 23.1%; sample: 260Mar 2018: 21.8%; sample: 293Apr 2018: 20.1%; sample: 304May 2018: 20.4%; sample: 313Jun 2018: 25.7%; sample: 296Jul 2018: 28.5%; sample: 267Aug 2018: 19.8%; sample: 263Sep 2018: 16.2%; sample: 290Oct 2018: 18.4%; sample: 315Nov 2018: 28.3%; sample: 138Dec 2018: 42.7%; sample: 131Jan 2019: 19.9%; sample: 2772019Feb 2019: 19.7%; sample: 259Mar 2019: 25.1%; sample: 283Apr 2019: 20.9%; sample: 302May 2019: 16.5%; sample: 139Jun 2019: 25.8%; sample: 132Jul 2019: 23.3%; sample: 129Aug 2019: 32.3%; sample: 130Sep 2019: 24.8%; sample: 121Oct 2019: 14.9%; sample: 134Nov 2019: 12.7%; sample: 173Dec 2019: 26.0%; sample: 177Jan 2020: 10.4%; sample: 2892020Feb 2020: 31.9%; sample: 301Mar 2020: 14.9%; sample: 195Apr 2020: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×May 2020: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Jun 2020: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Jul 2020: 2.9%; sample: 34Aug 2020: 3.0%; sample: 33Sep 2020: 5.0%; sample: 20Oct 2020: 5.7%; sample: 53Nov 2020: 3.4%; sample: 29Dec 2020: 23.8%; sample: 21Jan 2021: 14.3%; sample: 212021Feb 2021: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Mar 2021: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Apr 2021: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×May 2021: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Jun 2021: suppressed: fewer than twenty movements×Jul 2021: 21.9%; sample: 32Aug 2021: 9.8%; sample: 51Sep 2021: 8.1%; sample: 62Oct 2021: 3.5%; sample: 86Nov 2021: 8.7%; sample: 115Dec 2021: 11.7%; sample: 120Jan 2022: 5.0%; sample: 602022Feb 2022: 14.8%; sample: 81Mar 2022: 9.2%; sample: 196Apr 2022: 20.8%; sample: 265May 2022: 11.5%; sample: 286Jun 2022: 20.8%; sample: 265Jul 2022: 18.5%; sample: 227Aug 2022: 16.4%; sample: 220Sep 2022: 20.8%; sample: 259Oct 2022: 21.4%; sample: 248Nov 2022: 13.6%; sample: 221Dec 2022: 37.0%; sample: 216Jan 2023: 20.5%; sample: 2202023Feb 2023: 16.8%; sample: 202Mar 2023: 24.7%; sample: 219Apr 2023: 17.9%; sample: 223May 2023: 17.8%; sample: 236Jun 2023: 21.9%; sample: 228Jul 2023: 12.8%; sample: 218Aug 2023: 21.8%; sample: 206Sep 2023: 20.8%; sample: 212Oct 2023: 21.6%; sample: 236Nov 2023: 26.3%; sample: 205Dec 2023: 31.2%; sample: 205Jan 2024: 24.2%; sample: 1902024Feb 2024: 16.1%; sample: 199Mar 2024: 11.6%; sample: 215Apr 2024: 22.4%; sample: 228May 2024: 29.0%; sample: 238Jun 2024: 28.5%; sample: 214Jul 2024: 27.9%; sample: 208Aug 2024: 26.0%; sample: 200Sep 2024: 33.0%; sample: 215Oct 2024: 28.6%; sample: 234Nov 2024: 23.7%; sample: 232Dec 2024: 37.8%; sample: 225Jan 2025: 25.2%; sample: 2222025Feb 2025: 14.2%; sample: 212Mar 2025: 16.3%; sample: 233Apr 2025: 11.1%; sample: 225May 2025: 18.9%; sample: 228Jun 2025: 30.6%; sample: 219Jul 2025: 36.2%; sample: 207Aug 2025: 23.1%; sample: 199Sep 2025: 33.6%; sample: 220Oct 2025: 27.5%; sample: 247Nov 2025: 21.2%; sample: 255Dec 2025: 23.8%; sample: 260Jan 2026: 21.1%; sample: 2282026Feb 2026: 17.6%; sample: 238Mar 2026: 17.5%; sample: 268Apr 2026: 17.1%; sample: 251May 2026: 19.8%; sample: 252Jun 2026: 24.7%; sample: 251Pandemic regime Jun 2020Summer 2022 breakdown Jul 2022NATS system failure Aug 2023Heathrow fire closure Mar 2025100%0%
Every monthly observation
MonthDisruption on arrivals
Jan 201815.0% of 287 movements
Feb 201823.1% of 260 movements
Mar 201821.8% of 293 movements
Apr 201820.1% of 304 movements
May 201820.4% of 313 movements
Jun 201825.7% of 296 movements
Jul 201828.5% of 267 movements
Aug 201819.8% of 263 movements
Sep 201816.2% of 290 movements
Oct 201818.4% of 315 movements
Nov 201828.3% of 138 movements
Dec 201842.7% of 131 movements
Jan 201919.9% of 277 movements
Feb 201919.7% of 259 movements
Mar 201925.1% of 283 movements
Apr 201920.9% of 302 movements
May 201916.5% of 139 movements
Jun 201925.8% of 132 movements
Jul 201923.3% of 129 movements
Aug 201932.3% of 130 movements
Sep 201924.8% of 121 movements
Oct 201914.9% of 134 movements
Nov 201912.7% of 173 movements
Dec 201926.0% of 177 movements
Jan 202010.4% of 289 movements
Feb 202031.9% of 301 movements
Mar 202014.9% of 195 movements
Apr 2020suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
May 2020suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Jun 2020suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Jul 20202.9% of 34 movements — small sample, not ranked
Aug 20203.0% of 33 movements — small sample, not ranked
Sep 20205.0% of 20 movements — small sample, not ranked
Oct 20205.7% of 53 movements
Nov 20203.4% of 29 movements — small sample, not ranked
Dec 202023.8% of 21 movements — small sample, not ranked
Jan 202114.3% of 21 movements — small sample, not ranked
Feb 2021suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Mar 2021suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Apr 2021suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
May 2021suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Jun 2021suppressed: fewer than twenty movements
Jul 202121.9% of 32 movements — small sample, not ranked
Aug 20219.8% of 51 movements
Sep 20218.1% of 62 movements
Oct 20213.5% of 86 movements
Nov 20218.7% of 115 movements
Dec 202111.7% of 120 movements
Jan 20225.0% of 60 movements
Feb 202214.8% of 81 movements
Mar 20229.2% of 196 movements
Apr 202220.8% of 265 movements
May 202211.5% of 286 movements
Jun 202220.8% of 265 movements
Jul 202218.5% of 227 movements
Aug 202216.4% of 220 movements
Sep 202220.8% of 259 movements
Oct 202221.4% of 248 movements
Nov 202213.6% of 221 movements
Dec 202237.0% of 216 movements
Jan 202320.5% of 220 movements
Feb 202316.8% of 202 movements
Mar 202324.7% of 219 movements
Apr 202317.9% of 223 movements
May 202317.8% of 236 movements
Jun 202321.9% of 228 movements
Jul 202312.8% of 218 movements
Aug 202321.8% of 206 movements
Sep 202320.8% of 212 movements
Oct 202321.6% of 236 movements
Nov 202326.3% of 205 movements
Dec 202331.2% of 205 movements
Jan 202424.2% of 190 movements
Feb 202416.1% of 199 movements
Mar 202411.6% of 215 movements
Apr 202422.4% of 228 movements
May 202429.0% of 238 movements
Jun 202428.5% of 214 movements
Jul 202427.9% of 208 movements
Aug 202426.0% of 200 movements
Sep 202433.0% of 215 movements
Oct 202428.6% of 234 movements
Nov 202423.7% of 232 movements
Dec 202437.8% of 225 movements
Jan 202525.2% of 222 movements
Feb 202514.2% of 212 movements
Mar 202516.3% of 233 movements
Apr 202511.1% of 225 movements
May 202518.9% of 228 movements
Jun 202530.6% of 219 movements
Jul 202536.2% of 207 movements
Aug 202523.1% of 199 movements
Sep 202533.6% of 220 movements
Oct 202527.5% of 247 movements
Nov 202521.2% of 255 movements
Dec 202523.8% of 260 movements
Jan 202621.1% of 228 movements
Feb 202617.6% of 238 movements
Mar 202617.5% of 268 movements
Apr 202617.1% of 251 movements
May 202619.8% of 252 movements
Jun 202624.7% of 251 movements
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

What did the big disruptions do here?

Each event is compared with the twelve preceding calendar months and the first later return to baseline.

A worse month is not proof the named event caused it. The open data carry no delay-cause field. Recovery is observed for at most eight subsequent months.

EventDirectionDisruption that monthBaseline beforeReturn to baseline
Pandemic regime · Jun 2020Arrivalssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementsno complete baselinenot enough data: needs a complete baseline and a publishable event month
Pandemic regime · Jun 2020Departuressuppressed: fewer than twenty movementsno complete baselinenot enough data: needs a complete baseline and a publishable event month
Summer 2022 breakdown · Jul 2022Arrivals18.5% of 227 movements12.1% across 1,619 flightsstill above it 8 months later
Summer 2022 breakdown · Jul 2022Departures42.7% of 227 movements16.4% across 1,621 flightsstill above it 8 months later
NATS system failure · Aug 2023Arrivals21.8% of 206 movements20.1% across 2,710 flightsreturned after 6 months
NATS system failure · Aug 2023Departures32.2% of 208 movements28.4% across 2,705 flightsreturned after 5 months
Heathrow fire closure · Mar 2025Arrivals16.3% of 233 movements25.7% across 2,643 flightsreturned the next month
Heathrow fire closure · Mar 2025Departures17.5% of 234 movements30.0% across 2,643 flightsreturned the next month
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Which time of year has been hardest?

Highest median: Dec, 34.1% across 6 months. Lowest median: Feb, 16.8% across 7 months.

Even the same calendar month differs across years. This is a record, not a forecast; pandemic years are excluded from the summaries.

Each cell is one calendar month of one year; the number is the share of that month’s arrivals that were disrupted. Darker means worse. A blank cell means no published data, not zero.

Seasonality: calendar month by year; share and nJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec201919.9% of 277 movements19.7% of 259 movements25.1% of 283 movements20.9% of 302 movements16.5% of 139 movements25.8% of 132 movements23.3% of 129 movements32.3% of 130 movements24.8% of 121 movements14.9% of 134 movements12.7% of 173 movements26.0% of 177 movements202010.4% of 289 movements31.9% of 301 movements14.9% of 195 movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movements2.9% of 34 movements †3.0% of 33 movements †5.0% of 20 movements †5.7% of 53 movements3.4% of 29 movements †23.8% of 21 movements †202114.3% of 21 movements †suppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movementssuppressed: fewer than twenty movements21.9% of 32 movements †9.8% of 51 movements8.1% of 62 movements3.5% of 86 movements8.7% of 115 movements11.7% of 120 movements20225.0% of 60 movements14.8% of 81 movements9.2% of 196 movements20.8% of 265 movements11.5% of 286 movements20.8% of 265 movements18.5% of 227 movements16.4% of 220 movements20.8% of 259 movements21.4% of 248 movements13.6% of 221 movements37.0% of 216 movements202320.5% of 220 movements16.8% of 202 movements24.7% of 219 movements17.9% of 223 movements17.8% of 236 movements21.9% of 228 movements12.8% of 218 movements21.8% of 206 movements20.8% of 212 movements21.6% of 236 movements26.3% of 205 movements31.2% of 205 movements202424.2% of 190 movements16.1% of 199 movements11.6% of 215 movements22.4% of 228 movements29.0% of 238 movements28.5% of 214 movements27.9% of 208 movements26.0% of 200 movements33.0% of 215 movements28.6% of 234 movements23.7% of 232 movements37.8% of 225 movements202525.2% of 222 movements14.2% of 212 movements16.3% of 233 movements11.1% of 225 movements18.9% of 228 movements30.6% of 219 movements36.2% of 207 movements23.1% of 199 movements33.6% of 220 movements27.5% of 247 movements21.2% of 255 movements23.8% of 260 movements202621.1% of 228 movements17.6% of 238 movements17.5% of 268 movements17.1% of 251 movements19.8% of 252 movements24.7% of 251 movementsno datano datano datano datano datano data
Month-by-month table: median, observed range and sample
MonthMedianObserved rangeSample
Jan20.5%5.0–25.2%7 months, 1,484 flights
Feb16.8%14.2–23.1%7 months, 1,451 flights
Mar17.5%9.2–25.1%7 months, 1,707 flights
Apr20.1%11.1–22.4%7 months, 1,798 flights
May18.9%11.5–29.0%7 months, 1,692 flights
Jun25.7%20.8–30.6%7 months, 1,605 flights
Jul25.6%12.8–36.2%6 months, 1,256 flights
Aug22.5%16.4–32.3%6 months, 1,218 flights
Sep22.8%16.2–33.6%6 months, 1,317 flights
Oct21.5%14.9–28.6%6 months, 1,414 flights
Nov22.4%12.7–28.3%6 months, 1,224 flights
Dec34.1%23.8–42.7%6 months, 1,214 flights
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Which routes have the best and worst record?

Lowest disruption: LHR ↔ LUXEMBOURG, 16.7% of 663 movements. Highest disruption: STN ↔ LUXEMBOURG, 30.1% of 512 movements.

The airline table uses this carrier on each route; airport and country tables combine carriers. Each figure is arrivals into its UK airport. Only sufficiently large exact samples enter the ordered comparison.

Observed disruption share by optionLhr ↔ Luxembourg16.7% of 663 flightsLcy ↔ Luxembourg23.5% of 1,565 flightsMan ↔ Luxembourg27.1% of 129 flightsStn ↔ Luxembourg30.1% of 512 flights
All route comparisons and sample flags
RouteDisruptionCancellationsSample flag
Heathrow ↔ Luxembourg16.7% of 663 movements1.2% of 663 movementsdescriptive comparison
London City ↔ Luxembourg23.5% of 1,565 movements2.2% of 1,565 movementsdescriptive comparison
MAN ↔ LUXEMBOURG27.1% of 129 movements1.6% of 129 movementsdescriptive comparison
Stansted ↔ Luxembourg30.1% of 512 movements0.2% of 512 movementsdescriptive comparison
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Which UK airports appear in this record?

4 published groups have enough arrivals to describe.

These operations are not matched for season, aircraft or time of day. The table makes no causal comparison.

UK airportDisruptionSample flag
London City23.5% of 1,565 movementsdescriptive comparison
Heathrow16.7% of 663 movementsdescriptive comparison
Manchester27.1% of 129 movementsdescriptive comparison
Stansted30.1% of 512 movementsdescriptive comparison
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Arrivals vs departures

23.3% of 2,876 movements arrivals were disrupted, against 31.9% of 2,878 movements departures.

The directions have separate denominators. A departure delay does not establish late arrival at the final destination; legal conditions differ by direction and carrier.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Movements past the three-hour mark

0.3% of 2,876 movements were more than three hours late over July 2025 to June 2026.

Cancellation is counted separately and is not a three-hour delay. Monthly counts cannot establish a passenger claim.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Facts about this record

Luxembourg appears from Jan 2018 to Jun 2026 with 18,914 arrivals.

The bounds describe the published record, not every commercial service. Final point is not necessarily a nonstop destination.

Archive route pairs: 15.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

What this data cannot tell you

Delay cause, individual passenger experience, commercial decisions and future performance are not established here.

Also absent are aircraft type, within-month time-of-day splits and cancellations made ahead of the short-notice reporting window.

0 operations (0.00%) excluded because their published percentages could not be reconciled to whole numbers. Excluded operations enter neither the numerator nor the denominator. Outcome figures and comparisons are unavailable when the excluded share exceeds fifteen percent.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Quick answers

These answers use the same populations and window as the tables above.

Every percentage retains its denominator.

How disrupted are these arrivals?

23.3% of 2,876 movements over July 2025 to June 2026.

How often are they cancelled?

1.6% of 2,876 movements at short notice.

How late is late?

24.4–60.7 minutes; delayed denominator 625–1,437

Are services improving?

The monthly line records past changes; it is not a forecast or a causal comparison.

Which routes are compared?

The route table uses separately identified UK airport and final-point pairs, with small samples flagged.

Does this cover my flight?

Only published aggregate movements; the circumstances of any individual flight are unknown.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

How this was calculated

Source: CAA punctuality statistics · snapshot 17/08/2026 10:24 · method route-record-v2.1 · Versioned claims, formulas and entity mapping.

Integer bucket counts are recovered from rounding intervals over D=M+C+U with their sum constrained to M. Ambiguous counts remain ranges; failed reconciliation is quarantined.

Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.

Your trip has already gone wrong

The monthly line and events table show whether your month was typical or unusual in the published record.

Nothing here decides an individual case or what a passenger may be owed.

CAA: the official route to complain
Definitions, denominators and limits

Arrivals into UK reporting airports only unless labelled departures. Denominator: operated movements plus short-notice cancellations (M+C). A movement is not a scheduled flight. Unmatched records are data quality, not outcomes. Cells below twenty movements are suppressed; twenty to forty-nine are descriptive and not ranked.